Topic 2. The role of technology and the need for action

1. In the 21st century technology has a vital role to play enabling economic growth without environmental degradation, by ensuring sufficient clean and affordable energy. Strongly agree

2. Strong policies measures to enhance energy efficiency and incentives for the introduction of low-carbon technologies, combined with a stable market for carbon emissions (Emission Trading Scheme), can set the direction, but it is technology, allied to behavioural changes, that will have to deliver. (Somewhat) disagree

3. To continue developing energy technologies 'business as usual' is not an option. The current trends and their projections into the future demonstrate that we are simply not doing enough to meet the targets outlined in Topic 1. (Somewhat) agree

4. To put the European Union and global energy systems onto a sustainable path, to benefit from the consequent market opportunities and to achieve the ambitious targets outlined in Topic 1, will require the transformation of European energy innovation system, from basic research right through to market take-up. (Somewhat) agree

5. The European Union must act jointly and urgently. It will take decades to progressively transform the energy system, but we must start now. It is a process that requires strategic and coordinated action at European, national, regional and local level, pro-active planning and a comprehensive policy framework. Strongly agree

6. To meet the energy challenge, we must develop a broad portfolio (many different technologies) of affordable, competitive, clean, efficient and low-carbon technologies. (Somewhat) agree

7. It is necessary to create stable and predictable conditions for industry, particularly SMEs, to ensure the substantial investment required for the widespread deployment of low carbon technologies. (Somewhat) agree

Topic 3. Energy technology prospects regarding energy policy goals, innovation instruments and level of action

Technologies for Energy Efficiency

Energy efficiency in power production By 2020 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Energy efficiency in transmission and distribution Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Energy efficiency in buildings By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Energy efficiency in industry By 2020 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Energy efficiency in transport By 2020 By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Information & communication technologies Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

District heating and cooling

Poly-generation (heat, power and fuels/chemicals) By 2020 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Others By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Transport Technologies

Advanced petrol and diesel engines Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

1st Generation Biofuels (bio-diesel, bio-ethanol, biogas)

2nd Generation Biofuels (lignocelluloses-ethanol, Fisher-Tropsch fuels, Dimethyl-Ether) Current effort insufficient Technology push

Fisher-Tropsch fuels from coal and gas

Natural Gas Vehicles

Hybrid vehicles Current effort insufficient Technology push

Electric vehicles Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Hydrogen vehicles Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Others Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Technologies for Power Generation

On-shore wind By 2020 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Off-shore wind By 2020 By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Photovoltaic By 2020 By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Concentrated solar power By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Biomass Current effort insufficient Technology push

Geothermal By 2020 By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Ocean Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Small Hydro Current effort insufficient Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Stationary fuel cells Current effort insufficient Technology push

Sustainable fossil fuel, incl. carbon capture and storage

Nuclear fission

Nuclear fusion Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Others By 2020 By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Other Energy Technologies

Low temperature solar thermal By 2020 By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Hydrogen as energy carrier

Storage of energy By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Technologies for nuclear waste management Current effort insufficient Technology push

Others By 2020 By 2050 Current effort insufficient Technology push Demand pull Need for new European Union initiatives

Topic 4. International cooperation

j.- For energy technologies, what are the most important issues for international cooperation? Answer by ticking the boxes.You can tick as many boxes as you want. Stimulate global markets Stimulate technology transfer Regulatory aspects Exchange of technological know-how

Mediterranean Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources Grids Hydrogen & Fuel Cells

Africa Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources Hydrogen & Fuel Cells

Asia/Pacific Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources

China Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources

Russian Federation Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources Grids

Central America Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources

Australia Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources

India Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources Hydrogen & Fuel Cells

US / Canada Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources Hydrogen & Fuel Cells

South America Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources

Japan Energy Efficiency Renewables energy sources Hydrogen & Fuel Cells

Topic 5. Opinion, ideas and initiatives

l.- What is your opinion about the need for a European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan)? It is needed, but focus merely on technology is not enough.

m.- What elements do you think are essential for the success of the SET-Plan? strong political and financial support clear decision against fossil fuels at least favouring renewables to nuclear (treating them as equal won't work) in transport, a clear favouring of public transport, and rail against road and planes

n.- What kind of new actions and measures could accelerate the energy technology innovation process? consequent EU-wide application of the German feed-in law (most copies today in other countries are de-fanged versions) turning away from a free-market philosophy for energy markets, partial re-regulation explicit bans on the construction of new conventional-technology, fossil fuel plants higher emission taxes a comprehensive network coverage philosophy replacing the current single-lines-should-be-profitable philosophy in developing public transport

o.- Are you aware of any on-going or planned initiatives that the SET-Plan could build upon? Well... German feed-in law French grid maintenance as an example of how to re-start railway branchlines, the Schönbuchbahn near Stuttgart in Germany as an example of how to develop subway networks, Madrid in Spain as an example of how to develop light rail and suburban railways, the Karlsruhe model in Germany as an example of how to develop a high-speed network, Spain

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