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Returning to the Third Reich and modern Germany, given that the latter was formed in explicit opposition of the former (what with the Holocaust denial laws and all), I get your point even less. *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
There's an obvious, if bitter, irony in the fact that a generation after German gangs marched all over europe singing about the Jew-free europe of their dreams, a sizable minority of people of middle eastern descent has reappeared in Germany. If you don't like that irony, that's fine. If you want to tell me it doesn't exist I can only say that it is not me that you are fooling.
If you must have it spelled out, it's not often a non-Jew writes anything but a few standard yiddish phrases. And then, even. So, when you get a person who is citing something in yiddish called basically a nazi, we get to the height of a certain level of nombrilism I seldom see but here. Keep it up guys, you're making this site look completely respectful of minoritries! (A few excepted, of course...)
And, to top off the extreme tone-deafness, Dodo keeps at it, wondering however could it be that one such person, so far very enjoyably subtle in his or her pokes, would find it offensive to be crudely called a nazi.
It'd be funny if it weren't so sad. The Hun is always either at your throat or at your feet. Winston Churchill
And who would know better?
Most white gentile europeans agree that there is no more racism and anti-semitism in Europe.
Nonsense. Yes, there is racism and antisemitism in Europe. But most "white gentile Europeans" agree racism and antisemitism no longer exist?
That kind of assertion needs evidence to back it up.
My assertion is based on purely anecdotal evidence of my own experience and what I hear from other non-gentile visitors to or inhabitants of Europe. One of my former students, a Moroccan, who lives in Germany told me that he's learned to speak english when meeting people in order to get treated as an American instead of a Turk. I've repeated this story to a number of white european liberals and always get the same hostile response. None of the jews/arabs/turks/africans in Europe I've told this story to finds it at all surprising.
I also base it on the very angry defensive response here to criticism of Jostien Garder's anti-semitic op-ed.
Wikipedia. Are we conducting a class on the English language here?
Just to forestall what I guess, perhaps incorrectly, as the probable next move in this gambit, belief or non-belief is not material.
I'm an atheist - am I Gentile (non-Jew) or non-Gentile (non-Christian)? Or am I Christian because I was baptised? A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds; a man of deeds and not of words is like a garden full of turds — Anonymous
The Moroccan fellow I was discussing was neither white nor european.
But "gentile" is, of course, a context dependent word. Mormons use it for non-mormons. I don't think the way "gentile" is used historically in discussing European/Jewish/Christian divisions would include Morrocans, but ...
My point was that people in the normative/dominant cultural group don't see the same world that people in other groups see.
I was reacting to what I hear from other non-gentile visitors to or inhabitants of Europe.
To be honest, the expression "non-gentile" sounds to me like "non-barbarian" or "non-gaijin".
No debate from me there. A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds; a man of deeds and not of words is like a garden full of turds — Anonymous
Everyone is someone else's foreigner.
"Most white gentile europeans agree that there is no more racism and anti-semitism in Europe."
Race is largely defined by others - e.g. Black americans are a race because society sees them that way.
Ethnicity is mainly a question of self-identification - e.g. African Americans are an ethnic group because they say so.
Note that it is definitely not necessary to be racist to understand a group as a race - it can be merely and acknowledgement of social reality. Thus for example, Jews aren't really a race in the US, at least in the NE (the part I'm familiar with) but they certainly are in Poland.
You indeed misunderstood me, but now I am beginning to understand what you were projecting here. You are claiming a continuity, without specifying clearly the continuity of what. Now it's about government. There was people, country and government so far; and in neither case was your original point made clear.
If you would want to say that the modern German state (and, through it, German taxpayers) should be responsible for the Holocaust in the form of damage paments and keeping up the memory, there would be no debate. If you say that "the Germans" committed the Holocaust, and connect that to something concerning the group of people alive today who are also described by "the Germans", that's not only silly, but ignores the entire post-war history of Germany. E.g., when you say:
The European delusion that one can draw a line somewhere in the 1950s and pretend that King Leopold and Herman Goering and Lord Lucan did not exist or that we do not in many senses live in the world that they made is not really morally supportable.
...that's as crude a mis-characterisation of European, but at the very least West German reality as it gets. We live on a continent very much aware of the past insanities, building structures and institutions and cultural mores meant to prevent a return to that. If you think a more inclusive modern Germany is an irony, you are denying history yourself.
I also wonder about the "middle-eastern-descended". The anti-semitism of the Nazis wasn't based on the geographic region in which (most) ancestors of modern Jews lived 1900 years earlier, and wasn't constrained to the domestic minority. It was a racism combined with grand conspiracy theories, with an ambirion to kill everyone in its reach. To boot, if we talk history, Turkey used to be an ally of Germany (of the Second Reich in WWI). Thus that connection to today's ethnic Turks in Germany seems rather forced.
I also failed to properly decode "bittereh gelehter". *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
To the extent that contemporary Germans identify as 'Germans' and see themselves as in some way connected to a 'Germanness' that goes back before 1945 - whether it be Beethoven and Goethe, or Prussia or 1848 or whatever, then that also includes the Nazis and the Holocaust. That is also true for the descendants of postwar immigants who identify as 'German' in such a way.
And a clarification on the anti-semitism - it isn't racism plus conspiracy theories, but rather that conspiracy theories are one of the key components of anti-semitism.
Well -- yes of course; and being "proud of one's nation" always involves selectiveness (and you know how I view the idea of "nation"). But, a criticism of such is no support for rootless2 when s/he seems to deny any possible elements of 'Germanness' contemporary or newer than the Nazis and the Holocaust -- and when he claims a passive denial of those.
it isn't racism plus conspiracy theories, but rather that conspiracy theories are one of the key components of anti-semitism.
On anti-semitism in general, OK - but for modern antisemitism, isn't racism the other key? E.g. that you are considered part of the conspiracy by descent (in particular, irrespective of your actual religion, which used to be the reason for both in-group, out-group identification and self-identification as 'Jew'). *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
But I've come to believe that using "German" in that way was not a generalisation. It was in fact the opposite-a linking of the Holocaust to a specific nationality. In other words, I am not German and the mass of UK subjects are unlikely to become German. The Holocaust is therefore safely "other".
Link the Holocaust to something far more general-like an ideology: worse, an ideology admired by some British establishment figures-and it all gets a lot less clear cut. We might even have to accept that Nazism did not spring from a vacuum and consider whether some of our own historic ethnic crimes and attitudes predict we would have been immune in the same circumstances.
I recall a protest a few years ago called by the local Association of Antifascists in Buda Castle. I believe it was one against an international neo-Nazi gathering to commemorate the 1944 siege of Budapest. One speaker blasted the Arrowcrossers and spoke about responsiblity in his speech. Then I overheard two well-clad old ladies talking, who expressed perplexion about "why the speaker focused on the Arrowcrossers, when it was the SS and Wehrmacht who occupied us, and did most of the killing and gathered the Jews". Huh. (Actually, it was the Arrowcrossers who shot Jews and leftists into the Danube, and earlier it was the gendarmerie that collected and put on trains most Jews -- they were dissolved after WWII for that.) *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
I did that? All I said was that the Germans killed off the Jews and now find themselves, ironically, living with another middle eastern descent minority. And then, in response to you I rejected the idea that it is impermissible to say "the Germans" when, according to you, I needed to use "the Nazis". I find that wording evasive as well as historically inaccurate. And, as I pointed out, wording of the form I used is standard English usage, everyone knows what it means. As I said, someone who insists that we say "The US Army fired white phosphorous" in place of "The Americans fired white phosphorous" is demanding less accuracy, not more.
I'm not willing to have other people insist that I use euphemisms. The Germans killed the Jews - in fact, many of the people who killed the German Jews or cooperated in their slaughter were not members of the Nazi party and, as it is well known, many members of the Nazi legal and academic system transitioned seamlessly to the post-war state. This is something every German knows and, in fact, was a subtext of the Baader-Meinhof period rebellion. I find efforts to pretend otherwise as intellectually acceptable as the constant whining by white American racists that "slavery ended 100 years ago".
If it were true, why did the Germans stop killing the jews? Why did Germans not start killing the jews much earlier? Why is that when you meet someone from Germany now, the chances of them showing any enthusiasm for killing jews are vanishingly small?
Since Germans are still German, and presumably some even take some pride in being German, it's obviously possible to be German without - inexplicably - feeling any need to go on a jew-killing rampage.
On the other hand, if you find yourself some Nazis, or their fascist equivalents in other countries. I suspect they'll be much more enthusiastic about jew killing.
Fascism is a process and a social pathology, not a nationality. It's a pathology which doesn't just try to farm hatred for out-groups for political power, but also ends in self-destruction for the fascist order.
The Nazis didn't just kill the jews, they also killed their own vision of Germany, and millions of Germans with it. That's what fascists and authoritarians do. They don't just legitimise the murder of out-groups - given enough time and enough opportunity they'll lead any country or group into collective suicide.
In standard English usage, if we are speaking of Cromwell and I say "The English massacred the Irish" there is no connotation that all English people took part in it or approved or that Cromwell's policies in Ireland are enthusiastically endorsed by today's English people. If you were to object and insist that I say "The New Army massacred the Irish, the Levelers and cavaliers had nothing to do with it", you'd be asking me to import an excuse into a simple statement of fact.
In fact you did more than that: you effectively accused all Europeans of Holocaust denial. That's the meaning of what you wrote.
You wrote that we Europeans "live in the world that they made", to counter my argument that we live in a world that was remade after them, in reaction to them. That's what I term a demial of post-war history.
I find that wording evasive as well as historically inaccurate.
Why? What you said qualified all Germans then (that's 70 million people) an now (because of the lack of temporal distinction) as killers. (Not merely as part responsible by association or benefit, not merely as "bearing the mark of cain" - heh, whatever that means -, but killers.) The actual killers with German citizenship were a fraction of that, hardly historically precise. To boot, you are leaving out the non-German helpers in killing of the Nazi regime across Europe, be it the SS legions from the Baltic states, Vichy France, or the state machinery of the Horthy regime here in Hungary and the succeeding Arrowcrossers. Even less historically precise.
standard English usage, everyone knows what it means
...is no argument for anything. (It's the logical fallacy called "Argumentum ad populum".)
As I said, someone who insists that we say "The US Army fired white phosphorous" in place of "The Americans fired white phosphorous" is demanding less accuracy, not more.
No. You said "Republicans", not "US Army"; and if you said the above, I find it very ridiculous. One can blame "Americans" for failing to not elect/elect off the imperial regime and/or not block it with civic resistance, but "The Americans fired white phosphorous" has nothing to do with precision. At this point, I must ask: do you approve of the concept of collective guilt?
insist that I use euphemisms
That you consider these euphemisms only proves that you are incapable of seeing distinctions.
as it is well known, many members of the Nazi legal and academic system transitioned seamlessly to the post-war state
Yep. The '68 movement grew in large part on a movement from the fifties to expose and push these people from positions of power.
the Baader-Meinhof period rebellion
What is the "Baader-Meinhof period"? Is that how you call 1968 and what followed, or the era of the first generation of the Red Army Faction, or the time until the suicides in prison, or the seventies?...
It is true that the RAF grew from the 1968 movement, and that they used to accuse those in power of being crypto-Nazis (even if they weren't), it is not true however that the Nazi holdovers remained in power without disturbance.
I find efforts to pretend otherwise
Again with the insinuations. What exactly is your point here? Is it that modern Germany is a continuation of the Third Reich, with cosmetic changes? *Lunatic*, n. One whose delusions are out of fashion.
In response to your original complaint, I have made the further argument that the denial of history is a commonplace in Europe and I think a dangerous one.
Are we right or wrong?
I continue to note that it is common usage
I think DoDo's point is that "common usage" is perhaps not the best language, and perhaps not even adequate language, for discussing these issues. The fact is that what we're experiencing right now is a top-down disaster. -Paul Krugman
Of course, I do not believe, nor have I said or implied that Germany today is exactly the same as it was in 1940 or that most Germans are actively anti-semitic or that all Germans supported the Nazis. But I do not believe and will not say that "the Nazis" were some alien force from outer space - they came out of and reflected something in German culture and history.
We have the same demands here in the USA, from people who want to insist that "slavery was a long time ago" and nobody today is guilty - and therefore, apparently, nobody can speak about "the South" and black slavery. A generalization always involves some inaccuracy, but denying the essential truth of a generalization is a demand for obscurity.
The bitterness of the irony in Germany is maybe not apparent to you, but to me, when I travel in germany and see muslim women in headscarves, I think of photographs of my great grandmother in her headscarf in her village in Lithuania before the Germans arrived with guns and shovels. When I pass the empty synagogue in Koln, I think of the people who worshipped there for many generations. When I talk to Turkish Germans and find them "more german than the germans" it reminds me of the reputation of German Jews among the ostjuden. And yes, it's a bitter irony. And the fact that the Nazis would have found it a defeat doesn't lessen the irony or the bitterness.
Yiddish term meaning "bitter/ironic joke".
And my question... Do you count people of Turkish descent or from the Balkans as coming from the Middle East? If not, it´s entirely possible that Jewish people are the largest group "of people of Middle Eastern descent" in Germany.
Turkey is usually considered middle eastern. I will cite Wikipedia again, no less. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East
I asked because many people don´t include Turkey when they talk about the "mess in the Middle East".
So, if you include Turkey... We here in Germany then got roughly 3 million people of "Middle Eastern descent" (not including North Africa and South East Asia and the Balkans). Around 90% of them Muslims and around 10% of them Jews.
By the way, if you want to learn yiddish, there are several summer courses available in Germany this year. Just google them in German.
And just to mention it. I utterly reject that Jews are a separate race. They´ve got a different religion and they are - of course - free to define themselves as a different "ethnicity". As in, they are descendants of "Israeli origin".
Just like people of Polish, Turkish or Spanish origin for example are free to claim their own "ethnicity" in Germany.
As for Yiddish - it was a language that German Jews did not speak much after 1700s.
Anecdotes prove nothing, but they may be used to insinuate far more than they are worth.
I'm sorry you had to go through that, but can you explain how saying "Germans are/did" is different from saying "Jews are/did"?
rootless is not insinuating anything, and in fact defends him/herself dispassionately.
it's good to be vigilant, but i think this is a bit over the top, as while technically true, i don't feel any bad will to the germans in rootless' comments, just perhaps a conflation, a generalisation quite appropriate for a discussion like this, all the more understandable when the family history is laid out.
it is too easy to make the nazis something 'other', and yet all european countries have abused jews throughout history, the german nazis just took it to its nightmarish conclusion most recently, so no-one here feels unsullied somewhat by our collective past in this and other regards.
the past is very much alive and much still unexpiated, by rights palestinians should hate hitler more than anyone, and this thread reveals how the phenomenon of fascism wounded so many people in so many countries, and those wounds have very thin new skin over them.
her in italy i get a distinct impression that fascism has not been processed completely, and the germans outrageousness was easy to point to, saying 'at least we never did that, when colluding was an integral part of that 'chain of pain'.
the fact that the new uber-right is gathering momentum in europe is another sad sign we have not learned our lessons well enough, that sweeping things under the historical rug is always a bad idea.
denial...
the first time i visited germany with my s.o. every time i saw a smoking chimney i felt sick, and i lost no relatives through warcrimes.
it seems obvious to me that rootless' comments are in good faith, and PNing them has led us into a forest of misunderstanding, though i applaud anyone keeping a hyperscanner alert for any whiff of racism.
it's not racist per se to state a truth, even a general one, and the guilt of nazism tainted many without german borders, even supported by 'high-class' financiers from europe and the usa.
plenty of guilt to go around, i give a lot of credit to the germans for how hard they have tried to expiate what they did, yet the comment about how many graveyards the new germany was built over was a slam to the gut.
both are right in this discussion, just talking past one another a bit, i reckon. 'The history of public debt is full of irony. It rarely follows our ideas of order and justice.' Thomas Piketty
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