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Electricity provision is the obvious first target. Then heating and industrial processes, both of which can be electrified. Then inland transportation, which can be electrified and moved to more efficient modes.
Even were we to mobilize a non-trivial fraction of the gross planetary product in the service of such a program, this low-hanging fruit would still suffice to keep the program busy for at least a decade.
How the world would look after ten years of total mobilization against unsustainable business practices is difficult to predict. But one thing it won't be is averse to, or inexperienced with, industrial megaprojects as a solution to scarcity problems.
- Jake Friends come and go. Enemies accumulate.
However, it would also more or less end the current era of globalization for the middling masses. This may be a good thing, in the long run, but it would also seriously mess up a lot of people's lives.
For example, I'm an expat in Japan. Visiting home would be more or less impossible with air fare in the $7000 to $8000 range for a single trip. Not on my salary, at any rate.
Sure, passenger liners may well revive in response, but given how awful marine diesel is, that's probably not a good idea, and anyway, most people can't afford to take a month off work for travel any more than they can afford a $6000 air ticket.
That's... doable, if not necessarily optimal. And if you hold your holidays on Midway, you can cut the transit time roughly in half.
Definitely becomes easier if you have a position that lets you telecommute for a few weeks, though.
For those who have the time and for time insensitive goods high tech sail/solar powered transport may become a factor. The average speed of the trade winds should increase. "It is not necessary to have hope in order to persevere."
What you describe are major priorities. They are not, though, low-hanging fruits. Full decarbonisation of electricity production is a massive task, and one that will actually create a lot of emissions, which would thus have to be gained back (as would emissions from peaker plants). But that'd only be the start, as to de-carbonise other activities, electricity production would have to double.
And of course, there are other GHG than CO2.
The point is not just to "keep the program busy for at least a decade". It's to have started reducing CO2 concentrations before the end of the next one. Not emissions. Concentrations.
I don't see how that would be achieved without making sacrifices in terms of availability of air travel (OK, not total disappearance, but enough that visiting my friends once in a decade would be problematic -yes, we are talking Australia, New Zealand, Laos...) during the transition period. The alternative is to let some catastrophes happen. I believe it is the more likely scenario. We would have needed to start a massive program earlier. Earth provides enough to satisfy every man's need, but not every man's greed. Gandhi
(I'm assuming that the only real challenge here is the politics - the technology we have pretty well in hand. Also, I'm shooting more for "survival of industrial civilization," and less for "keeping all our coastal cities," nevermind "avoiding serious catastrophes.")
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