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Effect of Underwater Explosion on Pipeline Integrity (2015)

Not easy to sabotage a pipeline moving a large section laterally, severed from the rest.

'Sapere aude'

by Oui (Oui) on Mon Nov 7th, 2022 at 10:17:31 AM EST
Thank you!

Altho' I discarded the WWII mine theory at first public notice (27 Sep), this research declares several, extremely interesting parameters (dependent variables) for purposes of modelling structural deformation. For example,

Internal Pressure 145bar[!]g, Charge Distance 4m [!], Water Depth 744m [!]
Internal pressurization deeply modifies the pipeline local and global response with respect to the empty pipeline behavior.The presence of pressurized fluid in the pipe increases the cross-sectional stiffness improving the pipeline strength capacity against impulsive loads due to the underwater explosion event.

In particular the pipeline does not develop localized inward buckles and buckle propagation phenomena are avoided since, for the given internal and external pressure values, the differential pressure acting on the pipeline is equal to 7.0MPa and is applied on the internal surface of the pipeline.

• Nord Stream 1 and II differential material properties (eg. concrete weights | sleeve, internal psi)
• depth 80m-110m
• TNT charge weight ("massive releases of energy" in a range—equivalent to 500kg of TNT (30.09.22 Guardian "intellegence sources") to 700kg (29.09.22 Ukriform)
• number and position of ordnance
• ordnance velocity, if any
DIGRESSION: I'm loving the "propagation" (distribution) curve figures—reminds me of "bunker buster" phys lab results measuring direct missile impact derivative stress effects on fluid permeable rock...over time.
and independent variables
• seismographic shock wave
• Bjerknes force, depicted as a localized, singular phenomenon—The Leak (D: 2 km) which, for all intents and purpose, subsided seven (7) days later into The Mostly Methane Threat to Humanity.
• radical NS I deformation, the focal point of Gazprom's proprietary survey which had been delayed one month by relevant EZ authorities.

I'm open to a plausible torpedo theory, just not Harpoon (because accurate delivery would have necessitated significant reconfig and testing not in evidence) or TINA. Coincidentally, I noted this morning at MoA a passing detail attibuted to S&P Global.

The accident at the Freeport terminal on June 8 led to a reduction in LNG production. This terminal provided approximately 23% of all LNG produced in the United States. As a result of overpressure in the pipeline from the tank to the offshore export terminal, LNG leaked and ignited.

by Cat on Mon Nov 7th, 2022 at 07:42:44 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I used to support the software that French gas utility GDF used to run simulations on the gas transport network. All of the transport and storage entities (pipelines, compressors, decompressors, underground storage facilities etc) were modelled, and the engineers could run simulations, varying the parameters for different scenarii (cold wave, Algerian crisis, Russian crisis, etc...)

But I'm thirty years out of date with it now.

It is rightly acknowledged that people of faith have no monopoly of virtue - Queen Elizabeth II

by eurogreen on Thu Nov 10th, 2022 at 01:30:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]
20 years ago I gave up 3 months of my life running Shell Int'l. Global Business Oil Producers Microworld optimization simulations and writing CapEx business case for multiple, competitive scenarios.

This game did not test either optimal pipeline or mechanical sytems structural engineering parameters.

Did GDF's?

by Cat on Sun Nov 13th, 2022 at 07:37:20 PM EST
[ Parent ]

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