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Verdun & Verdun

by Alex in Toulouse Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 11:47:43 AM EST

I'm sorry I missed the thread on the Verdun commemorations (Verdun remembered) when I was deprived of an internet connection, but I've decided to make up for it by drawing a few people in here to read a few anecdotes.


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A few months ago, I was visiting this old house in the countryside near Agen (100km from Toulouse) that a friend couple had just purchased and intended to rebuild. Lovely place, nice land, few houses around. There was really only one house close to theirs, and their neighbour (from that very house) invited us three over to his place to visit his house.

He showed us his 300+ year old cedar trees which were planted at the time his house was built (apparently this was a tradition back then), gave my friends some tips on what to do, what not to do in terms of rebuilding such an old house in that particular area. He then took us inside and around this house, which was a 17th century bourgeois house, and which actually even looked like one on the inside (he had assembled  furniture and curtains etc in 17th century fashion, which isn't really my idea of nice decoration (too much glitter!), but which nevertheless as a whole gave the place a harmonious look).

At one point, while going through some passageway, we stopped in front of some antiques on a shelf. "We" meaning: the neighbour (who was 55+ years old), my male friend (35), and my female friend and I (30). I asked if I could pick up this particular antique up to observe it, the neighbour didn't object. It was a certificate of participation in the battle of Verdun. The neighbour then told us that it had belonged to his grand-father who had fought at Verdun and picked up a life-long limp there from schrapnel. My male friend then said "all my great-grand fathers fought in Verdun but luckily survived unharmed", to which I added "3 of my great-grand fathers fought in Verdun [the 4th was too young], one was blinded, another had all sorts of life-long health complications due to schrapnel, and the last one was also wounded with schrapnel but suffered no after-effects". Then we suddenly all seemed to realize, simultaneously, that something incredible had just happened. We all turned towards my female friend (my male friend's wife, for those who haven't been following), who is German. She said in a soft voice: "I don't know about all my great-grand fathers, but I know that one of them died at Verdun from a sniper bullet".

And it suddenly struck us ... nearly 90 years later, here we were, all connected to this dreadful battle, celebrating the house purchase of a young Franco-German couple. It was moving for a short instant, we were all sort of dumb-struck. Not for the "coincidental" part (believe me, no coincidence anyhow on the French side, as every single French unit fought in Verdun [troop rotations were very frequent due to the sheer trauma suffered on the battlefront], which means that nearly every single family has an ancestor who fought there). But the part about it being absolutely trivial/normal for a French man and a German woman to be married today, knowing that maybe their ancestors shot, gassed, knifed, drowned each other 90 years ago in muddy trenches.

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Of ancestors, I only know that one of my great-grand fathers who fought there, would always burst into sudden tears any time anyone mentioned the war (Basil Fawlty would have been his worst nightmare). I never met him, my mom told me this ... that even in his old age he would still burst into tears whenever someone mentioned the war. Imagine that, 60 years later and the trauma was still just as strong.

I was also recently shown some old documents that my grandfather had kept from his father (another one of my great-grand fathers who fought at Verdun, among other places). He had been in the telegraph unit, and I found all these "glorious" medals (Légion d'Honneur etc) and Citations de l'Armée about all the mad things he did (quote: "ran under constant shelling for three days straight to check the lines, fix the lines" - it's still running in the family blood, I hate it when my internet connection runs dry). There was even a piece of schrapnel that had been extracted from his body several years after the war!! But what struck me most, is this letter that he wrote to his general in Dec 1916, asking where his brother was ("having received no news from my brother, I would be grateful to know if there is any information that you can provide me with on his disappearance"). And the general's reply: "Our study gave us no indication as to the exact circumstances which accompanied your brother's disappearance. Some people from his section who were captured confirmed that he disappered during the night of August 3rd to August 4th, during the attacks on the village of Fleury" (ie. a village just outside Verdun). That's it. You just never get to see your brother again, and you have no idea what happened to him (probably under 3 feet of mud, somewhere). I found it immensely sad.

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I would argue that the battle of Verdun was one of the most important events in modern European history. Had Verdun fallen (and it's absolutely astonishing that it didn't, at times the whole battle boiled down to one person holding one entire trench to himself with a machine gun, given how outnumbered, outgunned, unprepared, undisciplined, and outflanked the French were - nota bene: I am only saying this regarding the beginning of the battle), Germany would have won the war by easily reaching Paris. A lot of countries would have then toned down the war rhetoric, even on the Eastern front, after the capitulation of France. The Kaiser would not have been removed after the war. WWII may not have occurred, the Cold War may not have occurred, the European Union may never have existed ... the colonies may never have been let free. God knows what the Empire of Japan would have done ... The world would have been anyhow entirely different.

A final word: I read some figures in the other thread here on ET, ie. the one I missed (Verdun remembered), and noticed that something important had been left out: what makes Verdun a horrible battle is not just the number of casualties (I see that some people were quick to mention that Stalingrad in WWII was far worse in that department, and besides the battle of the Somme in WWI was even more murderous than Verdun) ... but also the fact that they occurred over such a tiny area of land (slightly less than 10 kilometers squared!!). Over the course of the battle every meter of the battlefield received 1000 shells! That's 5 shells on every square meter, every day. There was just nowhere to hide, nowhere to stay.

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A fine, "personalized" commentary, Alex. Thanks.
by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 12:33:55 PM EST
Your story of a house in SW France reminds me of this comment I posted some time ago.
by afew (afew(a in a circle)eurotrib_dot_com) on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 12:40:49 PM EST
[ Parent ]
A very nice (and astute) personal comment you wrote there.
by Alex in Toulouse on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 12:52:21 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I'll read your doubltless great diary when I return home.

Meanwhile, I note that I maneged to finish the field railway train diary you requested just upon your return!

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 12:40:20 PM EST
Excellent timing (and diary!), and it pairs well with the timing of the commemoration of Verdun (even if my diary is a week late on that issue).
by Alex in Toulouse on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 12:51:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Where is Verdun, exactly? (I'm assumiong in the NE of France...but sure exactly where...)

"Once in awhile we get shown the light, in the strangest of places, if we look at it right" - Hunter/Garcia
by whataboutbob on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 01:13:05 PM EST
by PeWi on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 01:16:10 PM EST
[ Parent ]
"I know that one of them died at Verdun from a sniper bullet"

About this bit, I read somwhere that it was apparently a common procedure for the army to explain in a letter written to a dead soldier's family, that he had died from a sniper bullet (this way the family portrayed a quick and painless death, as opposed to the true circumstances of death which would have more probably been either "giving up on the will to live after ten straight hours of shelling and hand to hand fighting in knee deep mud, by just charging recklessly to end it all", or "slowly and painfully dying with his arms cut off and his guts spilling out").

by Alex in Toulouse on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 01:22:32 PM EST
Alex - Welcome back!! Wonderful to have you back writing again. The scale of Verdun and the way it affected every village in every corner of France, and parts of its colonies, bringing together people into this common experience of the horror of modern warfare and loss is hard to grasp. Your more personal account of the Verdun killing fields is a great addition to the previous diary.
by Alexandra in WMass (alexandra_wmass[a|t]yahoo[d|o|t]fr) on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 02:24:27 PM EST
Thanks Alex, and it is good to be back.

About WWI, I will always stop and look at the names on every WWI memorial of any new village I visit in France. On nearly every village memorial there is at least one family name repeated several times.

by Alex in Toulouse on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 02:44:42 PM EST
[ Parent ]
The unspoken assumption behind every attack on the Western Front once trench warfare started was:

The attackers could cram enough troops onto the battlefield such that the defenders would run out of machine gun bullets and artillery shells before the attackers ran out men.  

It never worked, of course, but that didn't stop the various High Commands from successfully slaughtering ever greater numbers of their own men trying to make it work.

She believed in nothing; only her skepticism kept her from being an atheist. -- Jean-Paul Sartre

by ATinNM on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 03:06:34 PM EST
I wonder if a century ago, people had the same feelings about Napolean?

Will there be a comemoration when the final WWI veteran dies at last?

by messy on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 03:32:58 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I'm quite sure they did, a simple indicator is that soon after the French revolution there were a lot of civil insurgencies in areas which refused the call to arms of the revolutionaries, who wanted to gather forces large enough to defend France - which was suddenly under attack by all European monarchies.
by Alex in Toulouse on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 03:46:36 PM EST
[ Parent ]
The unspoken assumption behind every attack on the Western Front once trench warfare started was:

The attackers could cram enough troops onto the battlefield such that the defenders would run out of machine gun bullets and artillery shells before the attackers ran out men.

As I wrote in the train diary: not so simple. Cannons and mortars had the prime role, and they were capable of blasting a trench or a fortress to pieces. The problem was that defenders could build a new line of trenches soon (or they were in place from the beginning), which stopped the advance of troops just a few kilometres (or even hudred meters) further away. Artillery would have to be built up again in new positions under fire to attack the new trench system.

Thus in WWI, contrary to the simple stereotype, fronts weren't static - they moved a short distance back and forth with every attack and counter-attack. And it wasn't machine guns but shells that killed most. But towards the latter part of the war, solutions were found.

The first was found by the same General Mangin who mindlessly sent thousands into their death in the battles around Fleury from May, and resulted in the French victory in the Battle of Verdun: the "creeping barrage" system, in which artillery and troops behind them advanced simultaneously in 100 m steps. But what's better than a creeping barrage is mounting artillery on vehicles, armoured vehicles - towards the end of WWI, tanks were born.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 06:26:48 PM EST
[ Parent ]
The world would have been anyhow entirely different.

I agree with this and I find it interesting that there has been so little fiction based on a contrafactual occurance in WW1. Try as I might, only some essays by historians come to mind. I think I remember some sci-fi book where ww1 never started but that is all.

Sweden's finest (and perhaps only) collaborative, leftist e-newspaper Synapze.se

by A swedish kind of death on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 03:58:18 PM EST
THE LEAGUE OF HEROES which I edited has the German win Verdun, land at Portsmouth, but Lenin refuses to sign Brest-Litovsk and it still ends with a German defeat but a rather different world thereafter.

THE LEAGUE OF HEROES

Also available on Amazon.

by Lupin on Tue Feb 28th, 2006 at 10:33:57 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Had Verdun fallen ..., Germany would have won the war by easily reaching Paris.

I suggest everyone take the time to read through this excellent summary of the Battle of Verdun (always looking up places on the map, to see what a small space all this happened on).

In there, they mention that the real German plan wasn't at all of a breakthrough at Verdun: it was to bleed France dry. Only, that wasn't planned, Germany bled dry, too.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 06:10:01 PM EST
Absolutely, this was Falkenhayn's plan, as the Germans knew that Verdun was a fortified place, which theoretically made it harder to win so no point in trying that, and that the French would defend it at all costs ...

But what they didn't know, is that Verdun was totally underdefended because the French thought the Germans would never bother attacking it. The Fort of Douaumont for example, finest amont the finest of forts protecting Verdun, was manned by 60 old soldiers and a few unexperienced young lads (instead of 800). Also, the Germans did not know that a lot of the forts had been stripped of their canons (which were shipped to frontlines which needed them more).

And on February 21st, the German attack was so relentless, that it should have de facto blasted a door open right through Verdun, and from there on through to Paris. But the French were either lucky or insane, because the few that survived the initial onslought managed to stop the German advance. After that, it was too late (France then fed reinforcements and the attrition started).

by Alex in Toulouse on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 06:17:19 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Oh and it also came down to just a few days of bad weather too. The germans had planned to attack February 12th, but had to postpone their massive shelling until the 21st because of poor weather. By then, the French had begun to transfer men back to Verdun, being suspicious of the Germans massing troops inthe area. Not quite enough men, but just barely enough to survive the initial attack.

So there, a lot of things that shaped the world in the past 100 years have come down to a few clouds.

by Alex in Toulouse on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 06:26:24 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Yep. And to find a few more of these cliffhanger events (a passed-up chance at breakthrough in the French front gap South of Fleury for example), I again recommend to everyone to read the almost day-by-day battle story in my link in the top-level reply.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.
by DoDo on Mon Feb 27th, 2006 at 06:31:20 PM EST
[ Parent ]
I just realised something, I said that my 4th great-grand father was too young to fight in Verdun because when I wrote this diary I didn't know anything about a 4th great-grand father in WWI. I thought about it when writing the diary, found no apparent reason, and prompty concluded that he was probably too young (thus my : [the 4th was too young]).

But re-reading my diary today, I finally realised why I didn't know of a 4th great-grand father ... how stupid of me not to realise it earlier and how lame to pass it off as a truth when it was a deduction. The truth that I just realised is that my 4th great-grand father was Latvian!!

by Alex in Toulouse on Tue Feb 28th, 2006 at 05:02:46 AM EST
I've put up pictures of all 3 of them here, on my brand new website which is absolutely empty for now:

http://froglex.free.fr/

by Alex in Toulouse on Tue Feb 28th, 2006 at 05:23:05 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Look like nice chaps all three of them. I especially like the last photo of the three smiling men with mustaches. I see leather jackets were already in.

I gather you've been rummaging in family archives lately.

by Alexandra in WMass (alexandra_wmass[a|t]yahoo[d|o|t]fr) on Tue Feb 28th, 2006 at 09:49:22 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I thought exactly the same thing when I saw that leather jacket!

The top picture is the guy who still cried in his old age anytime someone mentioned the war, the middle one is the one who lost his sight after being gassed, and the bottom one is the guy who just couldn't stand it when the communication line was down.

by Alex in Toulouse on Tue Feb 28th, 2006 at 10:18:33 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Oh and in the 2nd picture, the little boy standing in the middle behind his parents is my maternal grandfather (ie. who was a spirit water distiller, as I mentioned in another thread).
by Alex in Toulouse on Tue Feb 28th, 2006 at 10:21:39 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Thank you for the family introductions! :) You're lucky to have those photos.
by Alexandra in WMass (alexandra_wmass[a|t]yahoo[d|o|t]fr) on Tue Feb 28th, 2006 at 03:14:40 PM EST
[ Parent ]


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