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The power of 350 ... spreading the word

by a siegel Thu Jun 19th, 2008 at 11:57:38 PM EST

Prior to the industrial era, the atmosphere was at about 280 parts per million of carbon dioxide.  Now, we are about 387 and growing at nearly 2 ppm per year.

The 'old' (a few years ago) scientific consideration was that it seemed we could stabilize, without utterly catastrophic risk, at 450 ppm or below.  This is the guiding thinking behind cutting carbon emissions 80 percent by 2050.

Jim Hansen, NASA and one of the strongest voices in climate research, came out with work stating that we must fall to 350 ppm to avoid catastrophic climate change, considering the impacts that we are already seeing globally.


350 is required, Hansen tells us,

If humanity wishes to preserve a planet similar to that on which civilization developed and to which life on Earth is adapted.

We face a simple challenge, as a society (and species):  350 or bust!

350.org (from the same people who Stepped it Up) is organizing ralies around the globe, from the Great Wall to the Eiffel Tower, from your backyard to mine, to call attention to the critical challenge and the opportunities created through addressing climate change.

As Bill McKibben wrote last month,

All of a sudden it isn't morning in America, it's dusk on planet Earth.

"Dusk on planet Earth ..." Bill has a way with words, words to communicate the seriousness of the threat we face and the challenges we can surmount.

There's a number -- a new number -- that makes this point most powerfully. It may now be the most important number on Earth: 350. As in parts per million of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Forget inflation rate. Forget price of gasoline. Forget grade point average.  350 is about survival of the globe's biodiversity and, potentially, survivability of a modern human society.

our last chance; you just can't do this one lightbulb at a time.

Change those lightbulbs but forget about patting yourself on the back for having done so.

Civilization is what grows up in the margins of leisure and security provided by a workable relationship with the natural world. That margin won't exist, at least not for long, as long as we remain on the wrong side of 350. That's the limit we face.

"Margin of leisure and security ... "  

A planet under stress from catastrophic climate change will have no meaningful margin.  

This fact, that there will be no meaningful margin, is a core reason why the progressive crises are peak oil and global warming.  If we cannot navigate a path through this perfect storm, there will be no margin for progressive causes ... there might not be a margin for a meaningful modern civilization.

A simple question:

How else can one say it to make it clear that the sky is falling?

NOTE: Bill McKibben introduced this here in New 350.org Launches in 8 Languages.  

Display:
It is pretty good ... What is the coding for posting vidoe at ET?

Blogging regularly at Get Energy Smart. NOW!!!
by a siegel (siegeadATgmailIGNORETHISdotPLEASEcom) on Thu Jun 19th, 2008 at 11:58:25 PM EST
Check the New User Guide.

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 02:35:33 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I have had problems, even within the FAQ description, in the past, but this time I had left out the 'youtube' and should have gone back to the FAQ. Thus, mea culpa and thanks (as well for editing the diary).

Blogging regularly at Get Energy Smart. NOW!!!
by a siegel (siegeadATgmailIGNORETHISdotPLEASEcom) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 06:55:08 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Maybe there should be a pointer to the New User Guide in the FAQ? If you don't post a video soon after you join, you don't think of looking in the New User Guide right away. I had the same problem, and this question shows up often enough to suggest other people do as well.
by gk (gk (gk quattro due due sette @gmail.com)) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 03:56:59 PM EST
[ Parent ]
FAQ, Point 2: "I'm new. Is there a New User Guide?"

However, maybe the FAQ and the NUG should be merged.

*Lunatic*, n.
One whose delusions are out of fashion.

by DoDo on Tue Jun 24th, 2008 at 02:21:11 PM EST
[ Parent ]
But if you've been around for a while, and haven't yet posted a video, the first part doesn't apply. I did finally figure it out, probably on the lines of "If I had wanted to post a movie soon after joining, I would have looked in the New User Guide" and then did so, but, other people seem to be either even slower than me or quicker to give up and ask.

Your suggestion makes some sense, but there are things than belong in the NUG (how to open an account, the idea behind ET etc.). It would probably be easier to simply add an FAQ "How do I embed a movie etc? Answer: See the New User Guide". On no account should both contain detailed instructions, or synchronizing them might be a problem.

by gk (gk (gk quattro due due sette @gmail.com)) on Tue Jun 24th, 2008 at 04:46:52 PM EST
[ Parent ]
Also, adding a list of common macros along with the allowed HTML that shows up when one posts a comment... If at all possible with Scoop, of course.

Un roi sans divertissement est un homme plein de misères
by linca (antonin POINT lucas AROBASE gmail.com) on Tue Jun 24th, 2008 at 05:10:00 PM EST
[ Parent ]
For a starter, how do we bring down the acceleration of CO2 concentration increase rate?
by das monde on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 07:21:56 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Emission caps with a well-defined schedule of year-on-year reductions?

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 07:29:43 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Just do it ;-)
by das monde on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 08:26:57 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Absolutely ...

Obviously, with 2 ppm (or so) of annual growth, the idea of 350 ppm is absurd without a change in pollution patterns.

To start to make a 180 degree turn, unless one is an amazing stunt person, the most sensible first step is to start slowing down.

Energy Efficiency, Energy Conservation, Renewable Energy, ...

The Three Rs:  Reduce use; Renewable Power; Remediate for polluting use. And, we're going to have to be doing a lot of remediation for past pollution.

Blogging regularly at Get Energy Smart. NOW!!!

by a siegel (siegeadATgmailIGNORETHISdotPLEASEcom) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 07:45:38 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Could you summarize the work of Hansen?

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 02:39:37 AM EST
is a climate scientist at NASA, who has spoken out for decades (approaching 20 year anniversary of major testimony to Congress) on what is happening in the atmosphere, its risks to the climate, and the potential impacts of those risks.

As per the diary and the organization, earlier this year he called for revising global targets re Global Warming. He pointed to the impacts we are already seeing around the globe (melting glaciers, receding Arctic ice, melting permafrost, acidification of oceans, disrupted weather patterns, extinction of species, etc) and forcefully laid out how stabilization at some theoretical 450 ppm or 550 ppm is not a viable strategy for having a climate condusive to human civilization, that we must turn the clock on atmospheric pollution ASAP ... or face very dire consequences, far beyond what we are already experiencing.

See his wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Hansen ... note that this has been edited to skew toward 'there is a debate').  His website, with links to biweekly memos and research papers, is: http://www.columbia.edu/~jeh1/

Blogging regularly at Get Energy Smart. NOW!!!

by a siegel (siegeadATgmailIGNORETHISdotPLEASEcom) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 06:53:09 AM EST
[ Parent ]
a siegel:
forcefully laid out how stabilization at some theoretical 450 ppm or 550 ppm is not a viable strategy for having a climate condusive to human civilization
Isn't 350 equally theoretical?

Where did the 450ppm figure come from? Has that been revised?

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes

by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 06:55:21 AM EST
[ Parent ]
According to the Guardian article you link to in the introduction, Hansen's paper is in the arXiv.

arXiv.org: [0804.1126] Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim? J. Hansen (1 and 2), M. Sato (1 and 2), P. Kharecha (1 and 2), D. Beerling (3), R. Berner (4), V. Masson-Delmotte (5), M. Pagani (4), M. Raymo (6), D. L. Royer (7), J. C. Zachos (8) ((1) NASA GISS, (2) Columbia Univ. Earth Institute, (3) Univ. Sheffield, (4) Yale Univ., (5) LSCE/IPSL, (6) Boston Univ., (7) Wesleyan Univ., (8) Univ. California Santa Cruz)

Paleoclimate data show that climate sensitivity is ~3 deg-C for doubled CO2, including only fast feedback processes. Equilibrium sensitivity, including slower surface albedo feedbacks, is ~6 deg-C for doubled CO2 for the range of climate states between glacial conditions and ice-free Antarctica. Decreasing CO2 was the main cause of a cooling trend that began 50 million years ago, large scale glaciation occurring when CO2 fell to 450 +/- 100 ppm, a level that will be exceeded within decades, barring prompt policy changes. If humanity wishes to preserve a planet similar to that on which civilization developed and to which life on Earth is adapted, paleoclimate evidence and ongoing climate change suggest that CO2 will need to be reduced from its current 385 ppm to at most 350 ppm. The largest uncertainty in the target arises from possible changes of non-CO2 forcings. An initial 350 ppm CO2 target may be achievable by phasing out coal use except where CO2 is captured and adopting agricultural and forestry practices that sequester carbon. If the present overshoot of this target CO2 is not brief, there is a possibility of seeding irreversible catastrophic effects.
There is a companion paper [0804.1135] Target atmospheric CO2: Supporting material
Additional material supporting the article "Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim?"


When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 07:03:08 AM EST
[ Parent ]
ET can be a wonderful 'community', with people taking comments/such quite seriously.

Appreciate that you chose to pull the thread and look at Hansen's work yourself to gain your own understanding of / perspective on it.

Blogging regularly at Get Energy Smart. NOW!!!

by a siegel (siegeadATgmailIGNORETHISdotPLEASEcom) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 07:50:29 AM EST
[ Parent ]
The "350 ppm" is likely a nice round number than a specific and fully accurate of 'the' figure where we must be.  

Hansen's point is that the science / analysis leading to 450 ppm (550 ppm, etc) seems to have been overly optimistic and that we can't afford (as civilization and, perhaps, species) to allow significantly higher levels, for significant time periods. Thus, we must not just slow Co2 growth and stabilize, but need to figure out how to move the clock (back) to a level that would enable climate stabilization in a range conducive to human civilization.

Blogging regularly at Get Energy Smart. NOW!!!

by a siegel (siegeadATgmailIGNORETHISdotPLEASEcom) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 07:48:48 AM EST
[ Parent ]
At which rate is CO2 "naturally scrubbed" from the atmosphere. That is, if concentrations are currently growing at 2ppm/yr, how quickly would they drop if all anthropogenic CO2 emissions stopped? By how much would we have to reduce our CO2 emissions in order to simply keep the CO2 concentration constant?

When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 07:51:04 AM EST
[ Parent ]
I find this a very difficult question to answer due to a number of uncertainties. For example, oceanic and other natural paths for Co2 absorption are changing with some asserting that they are reaching saturation levels.  With a stop in human Co2 extraction from geologic sequestration (fossil fuels), how might that saturation equation change? I am not sure.

Personally, I think that humanity will need to strive for using 'sequestration' (beneficial sequestration like biochar) to help drive down human contributions, as 'remediation' as we decarbonize the global economy. As we reduce direct emissions and expand processes like terra preta and biochar, perhaps we will cross a point where human action is actually contributing to reduction of CO2 / other GHG levels in the atmosphere.

Blogging regularly at Get Energy Smart. NOW!!!

by a siegel (siegeadATgmailIGNORETHISdotPLEASEcom) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 08:14:34 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Well, Hansen et. al. seem to have an idea:
An initial 350 ppm CO2 target may be achievable by phasing out coal use except where CO2 is captured and adopting agricultural and forestry practices that sequester carbon. If the present overshoot of this target CO2 is not brief, there is a possibility of seeding irreversible catastrophic effects.


When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. — John M. Keynes
by Carrie (migeru at eurotrib dot com) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 08:29:22 AM EST
[ Parent ]
RE Hansen's comment, that is my point about terra preta / biochar -- those are agricultural practices that lead to true carbon sequestration (at least on centuries' time scale, perhaps millenia, probably not geologic ...).  And, there is huge 'other' benefit from this 'sequestration', since it is soil enrichment:  post biochar, better / healthier productivity, which could mean more biochar, which ... A positive feedback loop that would actually be positive (or, in this case, negative in terms of helping drive down CO2 levels).

Yes, path is to eliminate coal (or go to near zero emission coal) while doing other practices that reduce emissions and foster greater absorption of CO2 ('sequestration' with benefits).

Blogging regularly at Get Energy Smart. NOW!!!

by a siegel (siegeadATgmailIGNORETHISdotPLEASEcom) on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 10:16:58 AM EST
[ Parent ]
Where did the 450ppm figure come from? Has that been revised?

I believe 450 ppm is the target figure for the Kyoto protocoll. Digging there might produce an answer as to where it comes from.

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by A swedish kind of death on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 08:41:47 PM EST
[ Parent ]
While I did not find where it comes from here is a typical article I found googling "450 ppm" and "Kyoto protocol"

U.S. Stabilization Wedges: Scientific American

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) establishes the objective of preventing "dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system." While a "non-dangerous" concentration level has not been defined under the UNFCCC and is not a purely scientific concept, the European Union has set a goal of avoiding an increase of more than 2 degrees Celsius from pre-industrial levels in order to avoid the most dangerous changes to climate. This target finds strong support in papers presented at a conference hosted by Prime Minister Tony Blair at the Hadley Center, Exeter, in February 2005.1

Meinshausen shows that greenhouse gas concentrations need to be stabilized below 450 ppm CO2-equivalent in order to provide a high level of confidence that the 2 degree target will not be exceeded in this century.2

Follow link for off-line references.

Sweden's finest (and perhaps only) collaborative, leftist e-newspaper Synapze.se

by A swedish kind of death on Fri Jun 20th, 2008 at 08:51:45 PM EST
[ Parent ]


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